Film
A short history of panography. It started as early as 1850s with this San Francisco photo.
From http://www.daguerre.org/gallery/oakland/5ca.html
This was submitted to the Library of Congress in 1910
From Library of Congress
Then there’s this, a shot of New York Skyline by Irving Underhill in 1902.
From Library of Congress
A comprehensive timeline can be found here and here. Kodak Eastman holds quite a few patent for panoramic cameras. One of them, the “No.1”. Info about this camera and example of shots it has took can be found here.
Digital
Panoramic, Virtual Reality Photography. It dates back to 1850s.
Library of Congress panoramas on Flickr – http://www.flickr.com/photos/library_of_congress/sets/72157608675448396/